In today's era of deep globalization, the openness of an economy is not only an indicator of the level of international integration but also a crucial measure of a nation's adaptability and competitiveness in the global market. For Vietnam, the process of international economic integration over the past three decades has marked significant transformations, from a closed economy to an open, dynamic, and promising one. Vietnam has signed and participated in many new-generation free trade agreements, attracting a strong influx of foreign investment and boosting exports, thereby creating important growth drivers for the economy. However, an open economy also means facing more external impacts such as fluctuations in the global market, global financial risks, trade wars, and shocks from pandemics and climate change. Based on this reality, studying the openness of the Vietnamese economy not only helps clarify the level of integration of our country, but also provides a comparative view with economies in the region such as Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia etc. to accurately assess Vietnam's position and development potential in Southeast Asia. This is an important basis for formulating appropriate policy directions to effectively utilize opportunities from integration while enhancing resilience to global risks.