This study aims to investigate and analyze the role of organizational justice, with its four dimensions (distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational), in enhancing the level of organizational commitment among Samarra University staff. It also examines the mediating role of job satisfaction in this relationship. To achieve the study’s objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, and a questionnaire was used as the primary data collection tool from a stratified random sample of 327 academic and administrative staff members. The SPSS results showed a statistically significant positive effect of organizational justice on organizational commitment across its three dimensions (affective, continuance, and normative). The study also revealed the essential and mediating role of job satisfaction in explaining the relationship between perceived justice and deepening organizational belonging. Enhancing an employee’s sense of fairness increases job satisfaction, which, in turn, fosters greater commitment to the organization and dedication to achieving its goals. The study concluded with a set of recommendations for the university administration, emphasizing the need to institutionalize the principles of justice and transparency across all administrative procedures and reward distribution to ensure a stable, motivating work environment.